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Indian Polity is a vital chapter that often appears in competitive examinations conducted for UPSC, SSC, and several other state-level examinations. If one acquires the structure, working, and fundamental features of the Indian political system, then the preparation can make a real difference in their approach. Moreover, multiple-choice questions make all the difference when trying to gather information and to add self-confidence. We are going to study 40 MCQs in this blog post on Indian Polity that would test not only your knowledge but also enable you to grasp those concepts most often sought in exams.
Let’s dive into the MCQs with their explanations to understand the Indian political system better!
MCQs on Indian Constitution
1. Who is the Chief Executive of the Indian Union?
A) President
B) Prime Minister
C) Governor
D) Vice President
Answer: B) Prime Minister
::The Prime Minister is the Chief Executive of the Indian Union. The President of India is the constitutional head of state, but the Prime Minister is the real executive who leads the government and is responsible for running the administration.
2. Which part of the Indian Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights?
A) Part III
B) Part IV
C) Part I
D) Part II
Answer: A) Part III
::Part III of the Indian Constitution deals with Fundamental Rights. These rights are essential for the development of an individual and protect the civil liberties of citizens.
3. Who can dissolve the Lok Sabha before the completion of its term?
A) President
B) Prime Minister
C) Chief Justice of India
D) Rajya Sabha Chairman
Answer: A) President
::The Lok Sabha can be dissolved by the President of India on the advice of the Prime Minister, typically when the ruling party or coalition no longer enjoys the majority.
4. Which of the following is not a Union Territory of India?
A) Chandigarh
B) Delhi
C) Jammu & Kashmir
D) Goa
Answer: D) Goa
::Goa is a state, not a Union Territory. The others—Chandigarh, Delhi, and Jammu & Kashmir—are Union Territories, although Jammu & Kashmir now has a special status after the revocation of Article 370.
5. Which article of the Indian Constitution deals with the abolition of untouchability?
A) Article 17
B) Article 14
C) Article 21
D) Article 15
Answer: A) Article 17
::Article 17 of the Indian Constitution abolishes untouchability and forbids its practice in any form.
6. Who is responsible for the impeachment of the President of India?
A) Lok Sabha
B) Rajya Sabha
C) Both Houses of Parliament
D) Chief Justice of India
Answer: C) Both Houses of Parliament
::The impeachment process of the President can be initiated by either House of Parliament. It requires a two-thirds majority in both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
7. The Governor of a State is appointed by the:
A) Prime Minister
B) President
C) Chief Minister
D) Parliament
Answer: B) President
::The Governor of each Indian state is appointed by the President of India. The Governor acts as the President’s representative in the state.
8. Which of the following is not mentioned in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution?
A) Sovereign
B) Socialist
C) Secular
D) Capitalist
Answer: D) Capitalist
::The word “Capitalist” is not mentioned in the Preamble. The Preamble describes India as a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic.
9. The Indian Parliament consists of:
A) The President, Lok Sabha, and Rajya Sabha
B) Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
C) Lok Sabha only
D) Rajya Sabha only
Answer: A) The President, Lok Sabha, and Rajya Sabha
::The Indian Parliament is bicameral, consisting of the Lok Sabha (House of the People), the Rajya Sabha (Council of States), and the President.
10. Which of the following is the highest court in India?
A) High Court
B) District Court
C) Supreme Court
D) Circuit Court
Answer: C) Supreme Court
::The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial authority and the final court of appeal in India.
11. In India, who appoints the Chief Election Commissioner?
A) President
B) Prime Minister
C) Lok Sabha Speaker
D) Chief Justice of India
Answer: A) President
::The President of India appoints the Chief Election Commissioner and other members of the Election Commission.
12. The Directive Principles of State Policy are:
A) Justiciable in nature
B) Non-justiciable in nature
C) Part of Fundamental Rights
D) Enforceable by the courts
Answer: B) Non-justiciable in nature
::The Directive Principles of State Policy (Part IV) are non-justiciable, meaning they cannot be enforced by the courts, but they are fundamental in governance.
13. The term of the Lok Sabha is:
A) 3 years
B) 4 years
C) 5 years
D) 6 years
Answer: C) 5 years
::The normal tenure of the Lok Sabha (House of the People) is 5 years, after which general elections are held.
14. Which of the following is a Union Territory with a Legislative Assembly?
A) Puducherry
B) Chandigarh
C) Lakshadweep
D) Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Answer: A) Puducherry
::Puducherry is a Union Territory that has its own Legislative Assembly, unlike other Union Territories which are directly administered by the President of India.
15. Which of the following articles of the Indian Constitution gives the power to Parliament to amend the Constitution?
A) Article 368
B) Article 356
C) Article 370
D) Article 12
Answer: A) Article 368
::Article 368 of the Indian Constitution empowers the Parliament to amend the Constitution, a process which is necessary for responding to changing circumstances.
16. Which of the following is the first state in India to be created on the basis of language?
A) Tamil Nadu
B) Kerala
C) Andhra Pradesh
D) Maharashtra
Answer: C) Andhra Pradesh
::Andhra Pradesh was the first state created on the basis of language in 1953, following the demands for a Telugu-speaking state.
17. Which of the following is not a fundamental duty in the Constitution of India?
A) To respect the Constitution
B) To protect the environment
C) To defend the country
D) To vote in elections
Answer: D) To vote in elections
::Voting in elections is not a fundamental duty in India, though it is a fundamental right. The fundamental duties, listed in Article 51A, require citizens to respect the Constitution, protect the environment, and defend the country, among others.
18. The first woman President of India was:
A) Indira Gandhi
B) Sarojini Naidu
C) Pratibha Patil
D) Rajkumari Amrit Kaur
Answer: C) Pratibha Patil
::Pratibha Patil was the first woman to hold the office of President of India, serving from 2007 to 2012.
19. Who among the following can initiate the impeachment of the President of India?
A) Only the Lok Sabha
B) Only the Rajya Sabha
C) Both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
D) Only the State Legislative Assemblies
Answer: C) Both Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
::The impeachment of the President can be initiated by either House of Parliament (Lok Sabha or Rajya Sabha) with a two-thirds majority.
20. Which of the following is the primary function of the Rajya Sabha?
A) To introduce and debate bills
B) To form the Government
C) To represent the people of India
D) To ensure that the Prime Minister remains in power
Answer: A) To introduce and debate bills
::The Rajya Sabha, as the Upper House, reviews and debates bills passed by the Lok Sabha. It also serves as a revising chamber and represents states and union territories.
21. Who has the power to dissolve the Rajya Sabha?
A) President
B) Prime Minister
C) Lok Sabha
D) Rajya Sabha Chairman
Answer: A) President
::The Rajya Sabha is a permanent body and cannot be dissolved. However, the President has the authority to dissolve the Lok Sabha.
21. The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution of India by which amendment?
A) 42nd Amendment
B) 44th Amendment
C) 52nd Amendment
D) 86th Amendment
Answer: A) 42nd Amendment
::The Fundamental Duties were added to the Constitution of India by the 42nd Amendment in 1976, under Article 51A.
22. Which article of the Indian Constitution defines the term ‘State’?
A) Article 12
B) Article 13
C) Article 14
D) Article 15
Answer: A) Article 12
::Article 12 of the Indian Constitution defines the term ‘State’, including the Government and Parliament of India, the Government and Legislature of each State, and all local authorities.
23. Which of the following Articles of the Indian Constitution grants the right to property as a Fundamental Right?
A) Article 19
B) Article 21
C) Article 31
D) Article 25
Answer: C) Article 31
::Article 31 granted the right to property as a Fundamental Right, but it was repealed by the 44th Amendment Act of 1978. Now, the right to property is a legal right under Article 300A.
24. Which of the following is the maximum number of members in the Lok Sabha?
A) 545
B) 552
C) 530
D) 560
Answer: B) 552
::The Lok Sabha can have a maximum of 552 members, which includes 530 members directly elected from states, 20 from Union Territories, and up to 2 members nominated by the President.
25. In India, the Supreme Court has the power to review laws passed by Parliament through:
A) Judicial Review
B) Administrative Review
C) Legislative Review
D) Executive Review
Answer: A) Judicial Review
::Judicial review is the power of the Supreme Court to examine the constitutionality of laws passed by Parliament. If a law violates the Constitution, it can be struck down.
26. Who was the first woman Chief Justice of a High Court in India?
A) Fatima Beevi
B) Leila Seth
C) R. Banumathi
D) J. A. J. Sumath
Answer: B) Leila Seth
::Leila Seth was the first woman to become the Chief Justice of a High Court in India. She became the Chief Justice of the Himachal Pradesh High Court in 1991.
27. Who was the first President of India to resign from office?
A) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
B) Dr. Zakir Husain
C) V. V. Giri
D) R. Venkataraman
Answer: B) Dr. Zakir Husain
::Dr. Zakir Husain was the first President of India to resign from office. He resigned in 1967 due to his sudden death.
28. The Parliament of India consists of:
A) Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
B) Lok Sabha and the President
C) Rajya Sabha and the President
D) Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and the President
Answer: D) Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and the President
::The Parliament of India is bicameral, consisting of the Lok Sabha (House of the People), Rajya Sabha (Council of States), and the President of India.
29. The Indian Parliament can legislate on subjects in the Union List, State List, and the Concurrent List under which provision?
A) Article 245
B) Article 248
C) Article 249
D) Article 368
Answer: C) Article 249
::Article 249 of the Indian Constitution gives Parliament the power to legislate on matters in the Concurrent List, even if the State Legislatures have made laws on those subjects, under certain conditions.
30. The Indian Constitution has a provision for the suspension of Fundamental Rights during a:
A) National Emergency
B) Financial Emergency
C) Constitutional Emergency
D) Law and Order Emergency
Answer: A) National Emergency
::Article 359 of the Indian Constitution allows for the suspension of certain Fundamental Rights during a National Emergency, except for the rights guaranteed under Articles 20 and 21.
31. Which of the following is not a feature of the Indian Federal System?
A) Division of Powers
B) Single Citizenship
C) Dual Government
D) Strong Centralization
Answer: D) Strong Centralization
::The Indian Federation is characterized by a strong central government with provisions for the division of powers between the Centre and the States. The system leans towards centralization rather than a truly federal structure.
32. Under which Article of the Constitution of India is the provision for the appointment of a Finance Commission made?
A) Article 280
B) Article 268
C) Article 325
D) Article 365
Answer: A) Article 280
::Article 280 of the Constitution provides for the appointment of a Finance Commission to recommend the distribution of financial resources between the Union and the States.
33. The President of India can be impeached for violation of the Constitution under:
A) Article 61
B) Article 62
C) Article 63
D) Article 64
Answer: A) Article 61
::Article 61 of the Indian Constitution provides the procedure for the impeachment of the President for violation of the Constitution. The process requires a two-thirds majority in both Houses of Parliament.
34. Which article of the Indian Constitution gives the power to the President to declare a National Emergency?
A) Article 352
B) Article 360
C) Article 368
D) Article 370
Answer: A) Article 352
::Article 352 allows the President to declare a National Emergency if the security of India or any part of it is threatened by war, external aggression, or armed rebellion.
35. What is the term of the Rajya Sabha?
A) 3 years
B) 4 years
C) 5 years
D) It is a permanent body
Answer: D) It is a permanent body
::The Rajya Sabha is a permanent body, and it is not subject to dissolution. However, one-third of its members retire every two years, and fresh elections are held.
36. Which of the following is a feature of the Indian Constitution?
A) Unitary in nature
B) Federal in nature
C) Both Federal and Unitary
D) Semi-Federal
Answer: C) Both Federal and Unitary
::The Indian Constitution is a blend of federal and unitary features, with a strong central government and provisions for the division of powers between the Centre and the States.
37. Which of the following states does not have a Legislative Assembly?
A) Delhi
B) Jammu & Kashmir
C) Nagaland
D) Goa
Answer: C) Nagaland
::Nagaland, like some other North-Eastern states, does not have a Legislative Assembly and is directly governed by the Central Government.
38. The Indian Constitution guarantees which of the following as a fundamental right?
A) Right to Education
B) Right to Property
C) Right to Work
D) Right to Health
Answer: A) Right to Education
::The Right to Education (Article 21A) is a fundamental right under the Indian Constitution, ensuring free and compulsory education for children between the ages of 6 and 14 years.
39. Which amendment to the Constitution of India granted statehood to Goa?
A) 56th Amendment
B) 55th Amendment
C) 36th Amendment
D) 42nd Amendment
Answer: C) 36th Amendment
::The 36th Amendment to the Indian Constitution, enacted in 1961, granted statehood to Goa, making it the 25th state of India.
40. Which of the following is not a writ jurisdiction of the High Court?
A) Habeas Corpus
B) Mandamus
C) Quo Warranto
D) Expulsion
Answer: D) Expulsion
::The High Courts in India can issue writs of Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Certiorari, Prohibition
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